Forging is a processing method that uses forging machinery to exert pressure on metal blank to make it produce plastic deformation to obtain forgings with certain mechanical properties, certain shapes and sizes. Forging (forging and stamping) is one of the two major components.
Forging can eliminate as cast porosity and other defects produced in the smelting process of metal, optimize the microstructure. At the same time, due to the preservation of complete metal streamline, the mechanical properties of forgings are generally superior to castings of the same material. For important parts with high load and severe working conditions in related machinery, forgings are mostly used, except for simple rolled plates, profiles or weldments.
Characteristics of free forging:
Improve the structure and mechanical properties. Through forging, the coarse crystal structure inside the metal is broken: the defects such as pores, shrinkage cavities, cracks are pressed together to improve the compactness. The fiber streamline of the metal is reasonably distributed on the section of the forging, which improves the mechanical properties of the metal. Low cost and reasonable economy. Forging equipment and tools have good versatility, short production preparation cycle, and are easy to replace products. Flexible process and strong adaptability. The dimensional accuracy of forgings is low. Free forging is mainly used in the production of single small batch, less complex shape, low dimensional accuracy requirements and some large forgings.
Equipment for free forging:
The air hammer is simple in structure, flexible in operation and convenient in maintenance, but the hammering force is small. The hydraulic press makes the blank plastic deformation under the static pressure. It works stably, with low noise, good working conditions and high pressure. However, the equipment is huge, the structure is complex and the price is expensive. There is no overload damage problem for both types of equipment. However, if the equipment tonnage is too small, the internal forging of the forgings will be impermeable and the productivity will be low. On the contrary, if the equipment tonnage is too large, it will waste human and financial resources.
